Fizzy Drinks and Your Teeth: Understanding the Impact of Acidity
Many people assume that sugar is the main threat to dental health, but acidity can be just as damaging. Dental erosion occurs when acids gradually dissolve and soften tooth enamel, leading to sensitivity, wear, and an increased risk of long-term damage. While sugary drinks can contribute to tooth decay, even sugar-free beverages can cause erosion if they are acidic.
The acidity of a drink is measured by its pH level. Tooth enamel begins to demineralise at around pH 5.5, meaning drinks below this level can contribute to enamel erosion. Popular fizzy drinks are often surprisingly acidic. Diet Coke has a pH of approximately 3.0-3.3, while regular cola drinks are typically around pH 2.5-3.0. Prosecco and other sparkling wines usually have a pH between 3.0 and 3.5, combining acidity with alcohol, which can reduce saliva flow. Even sparkling water is mildly acidic, generally ranging from pH 3.0 to 5.0 depending on the brand, although it is usually far less erosive than flavoured or sweetened fizzy drinks because it contains fewer additional acids.
The frequency of exposure is often more important than the quantity consumed. Sipping acidic drinks over several hours repeatedly exposes teeth to acid attacks, preventing enamel from recovering. If you choose to enjoy fizzy drinks, it is best to consume them in one sitting, ideally with a meal, rather than drinking them continuously throughout the day. Using a straw, avoiding swishing the drink around the mouth, and rinsing with water afterwards can further reduce acid exposure.
It is also important not to brush your teeth immediately after consuming acidic drinks. Acid temporarily softens the enamel surface, making it more vulnerable to wear from brushing. Waiting at least 30-60 minutes before brushing allows saliva to help remineralise and protect the teeth. Chewing sugar-free gum after meals or drinks can also stimulate saliva production and aid the natural neutralisation of acids.
For those looking to make more tooth-friendly choices, still water remains the best option. Milk is also less acidic and provides calcium and phosphate that support enamel health. Plain sparkling water can be a useful alternative for those who enjoy carbonation, but flavoured sparkling waters and fizzy soft drinks should be consumed in moderation due to their greater erosive potential.
Regular dental examinations can help identify the early signs of erosion before significant damage occurs. If you frequently consume acidic drinks, speak to your dental team about personalised prevention advice, fluoride treatments, and strategies to protect your enamel for the long term.
Typical pH Values of Common Drinks
Still Water 7.0
Milk 6.5-6.8
Plain Sparkling Water 3.0-5.0
Diet Coke 3.0-3.3
Coca-Cola 2.5-3.0
Prosecco 3.0-3.5
White Wine 3.0-3.4
Orange Juice 3.3-4.2
Sports/Energy Drinks 2.5-4.0
Remember: the biggest wins for your teeth are reducing the frequency of acidic drinks, avoiding prolonged sipping, rinsing with water afterwards, delaying brushing after acid exposure, and maintaining a good fluoride-based oral hygiene routine.
